1. The rearrangement of genetic material, leading to new combinations of genes.

1. The cellular process of fixing damaged DNA sequences.

2. The process by which the genetic information in mRNA is used to build proteins.

3. A thread-like structure made up of DNA that carries genetic information.

4. The matching nucleotide to a given base in DNA pairing.

5. The process of synthesizing an RNA molecule from a DNA template.

6. A sugar molecule that forms the backbone of DNA along with phosphate groups.

7. The process of copying DNA to produce new identical molecules.

8. An essential component of the DNA backbone, along with sugar molecules.

9. One of the four nucleotide bases found in DNA, represented by the letter C.

10. A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for the production of a specific protein or RNA molecule.

11. The observable characteristics of an organism resulting from its genotype.

12. A variant form of a gene, representing a specific trait or characteristic.

13. The complete set of genetic material present in an organism.